In 2003, many calls weremade in favor of an economic boycott both in the United States and in some European countries that disagreed with the Iraq war, but they had no serious economic consequences. Several factors can explainwhy tradewas not sensitive to transatlantic tensions, the first and foremost being that trade is carried out bymultinational enterprises. It is nevertheless possible that some products, as those typically symbolising a country’s specialty, will suffer from these measures in the long run.