In the EEES (Espace européen d’enseignement supérieur or EHEA, European Higher Education Area) established by the Bologna process (BP), quality control is conceived of and applied as an instrument of market regulation. It is implemented by among other means an “internal quality control” (“assurance qualité interne” in French, thus AQI and AQI project) with the aim of hierarchising institutions according to their respect for quality norms, so that the market can then regulate higher education institutions. But is this the case in non- European countries, in particular south of the Mediterranean, integrated into the BP by the European commission? More specifically, what kind of regulation can one expect in a country like Algeria where there is no real market for higher education and where the ministry for Higher Education and Scientific Research is the main agent and source of financing? This paper purposes to answer these questions by looking at the results of the implementation of the Aqi-Umed European project in Algeria.