Finance constituted one of the most visible manifestations of imperial conquest. Itwas established fromthemoment of a victory, to become an integral part of new administrations inspired by the French model. The departmental unit affords the clearest insight into the impact of this new modification caused within the French territory, including its institutions and its personnel. The attached department of Genoa is representative of the upheavals of lands that came under French control : the former Republic, transformed into the « sister republic » in 1797, was no more than the prefecture of a department from 1805 to 1814 ; its territory was again divided, and it was endowed with an entire series of administrative services, particularly financial. « New and Old » Frenchmen shared some fifty posts of different levels of authority : seasoned agents of Revolutionary and Imperial finance, those who survived the former Republic, together with newcomers eager to make a career for themselves, incarnated the Napoleonic administration in Europe.