The concept of « popular royalism » appears entirely operational to account for the disorder and unrest of 1814-1815. It was perhaps less so during the revolutionary decade, as illustrated by the example of the « band of royalist killers » of Aubagne, which multiplied massacres and looting in the hinterland of Marseille from 1795 to 1798. The collective study and the reconstruction of the revolutionary trajectories of the sixty-five defendants of the Aubagne band display elements that were certainly popular, yet always in the service of local elites, who were challenged and threatened by revolutionary radicalization.