This article analyses the relationships between the clothing, appearance and political identity of female citizens and the symbolic conflicts attached to them in 1789-1794. Firstly, we shall investigate transformations in female clothing in the fashion press, followed by the police archives and the iconography. We then examine the political symbols of clothing: the obligation to wear the cockade (September 1793) was an acknowledgement of the political identity of female citizens; the incidents caused by the red cap (October 1793) were used to remind people of the need to maintain differences between men and women, both politically and in terms of clothing, and to return the latter to a condition of non-political frivolity. The final section discusses the rejection of finery, announced when women donated their jewels in 1789, and lastly in the speeches that presented decorative accessories as symbols of the Ancien Régime and instruments of repression of women.