The experience of editing Benveniste’s Dernières leçons at the Collège de France, 1968-1969 (EHESS-Gallimard-Seuil, 2012), put into perspective with other achievements and projects, allows us to start examining the various problems posed by the edition of orally delivered courses whose sources happen to be diverse and sometimes highly instable: notes jotted down by the linguist and/or registered by the audience, published and filed documents about the same themes, notes of readings, etc. The diversity of issues and circumstances considered, is it possible to bring out some general methodological rules? This question underpins the content of the following article which presents, in passing, some unpublished texts by Émile Benveniste.