The current crisis of the Palestinianpolitical system canbe traced far back. In essence, the Palestinians have repeatedly failed to adapt their strategy to the different moments of their changing relationship with Israel. Meanwhile, Israel has ceaselessly pursued and reinforced a policy of colonization – the latter belying the very idea of Palestinian autonomy. Between the Oslo failure, the current obstruction from the Israeli side, and the Palestinians’ divisions, even the two-state solutionmay disappear.