The different choices the World War II imposed on Canada prove an excellent example of the ambivalence of Quebec in its relationship to the world and to itself. And this article precisely aims at giving a closer approach to the relationship between Quebec and the French Vichy government during World War II, through a new analysis of the event (World War II and the period following the war) its memory and the writing of its history. In interaction with the available historiography and personal research, the article deals with the diplomatic, cultural, political, and social dimensions of the relationship between France and Quebec from 1945 to the present days.