Follows Culioli in assuming that prise en charge is performed every time an utterer combines a predicate with its arguments and adjuncts. This he captures by means of a prise en charge operator that applies to what is said: JE-DIS (« ce qui est dit »), a formula representing what minimally happens with every utterance act, notably basic affirmative acts. These, however, must be distinguished from assertions, which involve an additional commitment to truth: JE-DIS (est-vrai (« ce qui est dit »)). The author goes on to present a ‘semantic map’ of utterance acts, relating them to various kinds of prise en charge.