This article analyzes the discourses held by two Jewish Alexandrian authors from the beginning of the first century CE, Philo and the author of the Wisdom of Solomon, on the polytheist cults of their time. It examines whether these writers think about the development of religions in historical terms, how they classify the different cults and establish a hierarchy between them, as well as other issues such as their reflection about images, their use of evhemerist theories, the way they articulate polytheism and atheism, their criticism of mystery cults, and their rejection of divination. The discourses of Philo and of the author of Wisdom are not disconnected from the socio-religious realities of their time, but they are mainly polemical and inspired by the biblical criticism of idolatry.