Globalization is generally conceived as an inexorable destiny which one has to come  to terms with, for better or worse. Seen as a calamity or the salvation of humanity, both detractors and partisans share the idea that it is a process which is turning the course of world history completely upside down. By examining in turn the positive and negative aspects of globalization, South African history text books give pupils the possibility of learning about its various facets. Can we consider that the two faces of Janus cancel out each other ? On many occasions, strong reservations are expressed and calls made for mobilization and for the involvement of, the major players in the various struggles imply that the virtually harmful aspects of globalization get the upper hand over the positive aspects. This prompts calls for perpetual vigilance and a refusal to accept the inevitability of the process.